What is the range of values for a Long Integer data type?

The range of values for a Long Integer data type is indeed from -2,147,483,648 to 2,147,483,647. This range is established based on how the Long Integer is represented in binary form using 32 bits, where one bit is designated for the sign (positive or negative). This means that 31 bits are used to represent the magnitude of the number, allowing for a total of 2^31 possible values, both positive and negative.

This expansive range makes Long Integers suitable for applications requiring the storage of larger numerical values than what can be held by smaller integer types. The ability to handle values that span a significant negative to positive range is particularly essential in many GIS applications where geographic data often involves large quantities or calculations that might result in high positive values or large negative changes.

By contrast, the other options list ranges that do not correspond to the Long Integer data type. For example, the ranges provided in other options are either too narrow or do not encompass the full capabilities of a Long Integer as defined in standard programming contexts.