Which file formats are commonly associated with vector data in GIS?

The answer is correct because Shapefiles, GeoJSON, and KML are all widely used file formats specifically designed for storing and representing vector data in Geographic Information Systems (GIS).

Shapefiles are a popular format developed by Esri for storing geometric data and attributes in a simple, structured way. They consist of multiple files that define the shape of features, allowing for the representation of points, lines, and polygons.

GeoJSON is a format based on JavaScript Object Notation (JSON) and is increasingly used for web applications. It allows for easy interoperability across platforms, making it convenient for sharing geographic data, particularly for vector data.

KML, or Keyhole Markup Language, was developed for use with Google Earth and is excellent for representing geographic data in an XML format. KML is heavily utilized for visualizing geographic information and is well-suited for representing vector features like points, lines, and polygons.

In contrast, the other answer options feature file formats that are either associated with raster data (like TIFF and JPEG) or are not specifically designed for geographic vector data representation (such as PDF, XLS, and DOC). Thus, the combination of Shapefiles, GeoJSON, and KML is distinctly focused on