Which of the following describes 'temporal data' in GIS?

Temporal data in GIS refers to information that is associated with time or changes occurring over time. This type of data is crucial for understanding dynamics in spatial relationships and phenomena, such as changes in land use, population movements, or environmental conditions over a specific time period. For instance, if one were to examine how urban development has progressed over decades, the data collected for each time interval would represent temporal data.

The focus on time allows for analyses that consider not just the current state of data but also trends and patterns that develop, enhancing decision-making processes in fields such as urban planning, environmental management, and disaster response. Temporal data often includes timestamps or time intervals that indicate when certain observations were made or when events occurred, thus enabling a rich understanding of changes and patterns over time.