Which of the following is NOT a method for tuning performance in databases?

The correct choice highlights that reducing software licenses is not a method for tuning performance in databases. Tuning performance typically focuses on methods that enhance the efficiency and speed of database operations, which includes indexing, optimizing queries, and using monitoring tools.

Indexing is a widely recognized method for improving database performance because it allows for quicker retrieval of data. When appropriate indexes are established, the database can locate records without scanning the entire dataset, significantly speeding up queries.

Optimizing queries for speed involves rewriting queries to ensure they are executed as efficiently as possible. This can include minimizing the use of complex joins and subqueries, selecting only necessary columns, and ensuring that queries leverage available indexes. Such optimizations are integral to enhancing overall database performance.

Using the right monitoring tools is also important for maintaining and tuning database performance. These tools help database administrators track performance metrics and identify bottlenecks or inefficient queries that may require further tuning.

In contrast, reducing software licenses does not directly influence the performance of the database itself. While it may lead to cost savings, it does not contribute to improving the efficiency, response time, or processing capabilities of the database systems.